Dr. Nadine Gaab has been posting myths about dyslexia every day for Dyslexia Awareness Month. Here are the first 5.
Be sure to follow her on Twitter https://twitter.com/GaabLab!
MYTH 1
…Without intervention, children who are poor readers at the end of first grade almost never acquire average-level reading skills by the end of elementary school (Francis et al., 1996; Juel, 1988; Shaywitz et al., 1999; Torgesen and Burgess, 1998).
…Even in highly transparent languages such as German, 70% of below average readers in 1st grade remain below average readers in 8th grade (Landerl & Wimmer, 2008)…early intervention is key! See more here https://bold.expert/identifying-risk-instead-of-failure/… 3/3
MYTH 2
A meta-analysis comparing intervention studies for children struggling with #reading difficulties/#dyslexia offering at least 100 sessions, reported larger effect sizes in kindergarten/1st grade than in 2nd and 3rd grades (Wanzek & Vaughn, 2007; Wanzek et al., 2013)
When “at risk” beginning readers receive intensive instruction, 56% to 92% of at-risk (for #dyslexia/#reading impairment) children across six studies reached the range of average reading ability (Torgesen, 2004)
Converging research points to the importance of early interventions for at-risk students for improving the effectiveness of remediation ( e.g.; Connor, 2009, 2013; Catts, 2015; Denton & Vaughn, 2008;Torgesen,1999; Flynn, Zheng, & Swanson, 2012; Vellutino, 1996; Morris,1997).
MYTH 3
Research has shown that these key predictors of subsequent problems with learning to #read include: Phonological/Phonemic awareness Pseudoword repetition Rapid automatized naming Expressive/receptive vocabulary Oral listening comprehension Letter (sound) knowledge
Don’t know how to #screen for those early predictors of #reading problems and #dyslexia in pre-K or early K? Take a look at this resource that summarizes all available screening tools in one document http://bit.ly/2T1TKrm and read https://bit.ly/334uy8z by @NCILiteracy!
Copy of Early Literacy AssessmentsDISCLAIMER Last Updated 9/23/2019 DISCLAIMER: The assessments/screeners for dyslexia risk and early literacy milestones provided in this sheet are a compilation of “everything out there” that the…docs.google.com
Want to read the science behind #screening and early #reading development? Take a look at this resource https://bit.ly/2ZTLkGG by @Kathy_Rastle@ReadOxford@annecastles and work by @TheFCRR@texasldcenter, @lervag, Hugh Catts, Bruce Pennington, H. Scarborough, Maggie Snowling…
MYTH 4
…MRI does not have the sensitivity (correctly identifying those with/without #reading disability) or specificity (correctly identifying those who will NOT develop a #reading disability) to distinguish individuals with and without #dyslexia or #reading impairment.
Other neuroimaging techniques, e.g. electroencephalography or fMRI also lack the sensitivity/specificity for diagnosing #dyslexia or #reading impairments. However, all of these tools can be used to show differences between GROUPS of individuals with or without #dyslexia
If you want to learn more about the neural correlates of typical & atypical reading, including #dyslexia take a look at https://bit.ly/2AK9HLW or read work by @DrJamesBooth@yu_sea0052@olaozpa@JenniferMZuk@FumikoHoeft , L. Cutting, @maskeide@VandermostenM@jdyeatman & more..
MYTH 5
…and the neural correlates of #reading impairments and #dyselxia may also look slightly different in logographic languages BUT individuals learning to read in logographic languages CAN develop #dyslexia /#reading impairments. Interested to learn more? Please read …
…the excellent work by @cammiemcbride9 and her colleagues who have done important work on typical and atypical #reading development in logographic languages. Also, please check out her excellent course on teaching #reading with a global perspective below. (SEE HER TWEET THREAD ABOVE FOR LINK)
CREDIT: Image by Gordon Johnson from Pixabay